Breeds
India has a large indigenous bovine population with rich bio-diversity. There are 43 well-defined breeds of cattle and 13 breeds of buffaloes. These breeds have evolved over generations, surviving due to their adaptability to harsh climatic conditions, ability to perform on poor quality feed and fodder, resistance to diseases, etc. Adult males of some native breeds are also known for their draft qualities.
The primary reason for the decline in numbers of such breeds is reduced productivity - an uneconomical proposition for farmers. The solution, therefore, lies in the genetic improvement of these breeds for milk production. Systematic efforts in this direction will not only ensure that these breeds become more productive, it will also arrest their further decline.
With the twin objectives of development and conservation, ICAR & NDDB has initiated programmes for genetic improvement of select indigenous dairy breeds. The future holds a promise for improvement in the productivity of our indigenous breeds of cattle and buffaloes.
The primary reason for the decline in numbers of such breeds is reduced productivity - an uneconomical proposition for farmers. The solution, therefore, lies in the genetic improvement of these breeds for milk production. Systematic efforts in this direction will not only ensure that these breeds become more productive, it will also arrest their further decline.
With the twin objectives of development and conservation, ICAR & NDDB has initiated programmes for genetic improvement of select indigenous dairy breeds. The future holds a promise for improvement in the productivity of our indigenous breeds of cattle and buffaloes.
Cattle breeds of India (40 breeds):
Sl. No.
|
Breed
|
Home Tract
|
1
|
Amritmahal
|
Karnataka
|
2
|
Bachaur
|
Bihar
|
3
|
Bargur
|
Tamil Nadu
|
4
|
Dangi
|
Maharashtra and M.P.
|
5
|
Deoni
|
Maharashtra & Karnataka
|
6
|
Gaolao
|
Maharashtra and M.P.
|
7
|
Gir
|
Gujarat
|
8
|
Hallikar
|
Karnataka
|
9
|
Hariana
|
Haryana, U.P. & Rajasthan
|
10
|
Kangayam
|
Tamil Nadu
|
11
|
Kankrej
|
Gujarat and Rajasthan
|
12
|
Kenkatha
|
Uttar Pradesh and M.P.
|
13
|
Kherigarh
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
14
|
Khillar
|
Maharashtra & Karnataka
|
15
|
Krishna Valley
|
Karnataka
|
16
|
Malvi
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
17
|
Mewati
|
Rajasthan, Haryana & U.P.
|
18
|
Nagori
|
Rajasthan
|
19
|
Nimari
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
20
|
Ongole
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
21
|
Ponwar
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
22
|
Punganur
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
23
|
Rathi
|
Rajasthan
|
24
|
Red Kandhari
|
Maharashtra
|
25
|
Red Sindhi
|
On organized farms only
|
26
|
Sahiwal
|
Punjab and Rajasthan
|
27
|
Siri
|
Sikkim and West Bengal
|
28
|
Tharparkar
|
Rajasthan
|
29
|
Umblachery
|
Tamil Nadu
|
30
|
Vechur
|
Kerala
|
31
|
Motu
|
Orissa, A.P.
|
32
|
Ghumusari
|
Orissa
|
33
|
Binjharpuri
|
Orissa
|
34
|
Khariar
|
Orissa
|
35
|
Pulikulam
|
Tamil Nadu
|
36
|
Kosali
|
Chhattisgarh
|
37
|
Malnad Gidda
|
Karnataka
|
38
|
Belahi
|
Haryana and Chandigarh
|
39
|
Gangatiri
|
Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
|
(For details refer , ICAR-NBAGR, Karnal)
Buffalo breeds of India (13 breeds):
Sl. No.
|
Breed
|
Home Tract
|
1
|
Bhadawari
|
Uttar Pradesh and M.P.
|
2
|
Jaffarabadi
|
Gujarat
|
3
|
Marathwadi
|
Maharashtra
|
4
|
Mehsana
|
Gujarat
|
5
|
Murrah
|
Haryana
|
6
|
Nagpuri
|
Maharashtra
|
7
|
Nili Ravi
|
Punjab
|
8
|
Pandharpuri
|
Maharashtra
|
9
|
Surti
|
Gujarat
|
10
|
Toda
|
Tamil Nadu
|
11
|
Banni
|
Gujarat
|
12
|
Chilika
|
Odisha
|
13
|
Kalahandi
|
Odisha
|
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