sexual cycle
it is a complex neurohumoral reflex process, characterized by a complex physiological and morphological changes in the genitals and around the female body from one stage of excitement to another (or from one estrus, hunting to another). In the sexual cycle, there are three phases: excitement, braking and balancing (for AP Studentsov).
Phase excitement
Estrus
Sexual arousal (overall reaction)
a change in the behavior of females pronounced reaction of the body in the form of anxiety, lyaklyvosti, refusal of food, sometimes aggressiveness, reduced milk yield and milk quality changes.
Sexual hunting
a positive sexual response of females to males is a manifestation of the female genital reflex (original behavior) in the presence of a male. The female tends to approach male assumes the pose for sexual intercourse, urinating frequently, she rhythmically reduced labia, she admits kindergarten and coitus. In animal sex hunt in females accurately determine male-probe (bull, stallion, ram, hryakom).
Ovulation
Phase braking sexual cycle
Phase balancing sexual cycle
Rhythm reproductive cycles (and their duty to) specific to each animal species. He polycyclic in cows, mares, pigs, sheep and goats (sheep and goats with severe sexual season - spring, autumn) monotsiklichnyy in wildanimals (at home - some breeds of dogs and cats).
Rhythm reproductive cycles
Cows
estrous cycle lasts 18 - 21 days. After calving phase excitation is shown in 21 - 28 days (in some cows through 16-18 days). Period under excitation by an average of 3 - 5 days, estrous - 2 - 3 days of sexual arousal - 6 - 12 hours, hunting - 12 - 18 h Ovulation occurs 10-15 hours after the shooting.Duration braking stage 1 - 3 days equilibration stage - 6-14 days.
mares
estrous cycle lasts 19 - 22 days, but can be 16 - 28 days.Estrus, sexual arousal coincide with hunting. After vyzherebki hunting mares manifested by an average of 8-10-day, and sometimes for 6 - 16 th and lasts an average of 5 - 7 days, depending mostly on their content, care, feeding, operation and season.
Pigs
sexual cycle lasts 18 - 21 days. After farrowing hunting can occur after 14-16 days, but often after weaning piglets in 4 - 7 days. Duration of estrus 2 - 3 days hunting -1-2 day. Ovulation occurs on day 2, after hunting and ends within 1 - 2 days.
sheep and goats
sexual cycle lasts 14 - 19 days. Duration of the stage of 2 - 5 days, oestrus -1-2 day hunt - 1 - 2 days. Ovulation occurs in 30 - 32 hours from the beginning of the hunt. After reproductive cycle is restored after 15 - 30 days.
rabbits
estrous cycle lasts 7 days. After okrolu manifested by 1 - 2-day. The sexual cycle of rabbits - a sort of sexual situation. Its suppose to males in any day of the sexual season. The sexual cycle is well expressed in the warmer months (May - August) and winter - during thaws. Duration of oestrus and hunting 3 - 5 days (in the ovaries is always ready to ovulate follicles). Ovulation in the rabbit occurs only after 8 to 12 hours after intercourse.
Sexual reflexes
Sexual desire
the desire to look for males and females chase in hunting.
Reflex erections
changes in the reproductive organs of male before copulation. Thus there is increase in the size of the penis due to heavy filling it with blood, increasing its elasticity, and temperature sensitivity. All of these changes contribute to the introduction of the penis into the female genitals.
Obnimatelnyy reflex
vskakivanie male to female and obhvatyvanie its sides forelimbs. Stallions and boars have a pronounced obnimatelnyy reflex, bulls and rams it appears weaker.
sovokupytelnyy reflex
introduction of the penis into the vagina in females pushing movements males contributes to the perception receptors penile irritation of the mucous membrane of the vagina that causes ejaculation.
Reflex ejaculation
selection of sperm with the male genitalia, carried muscle contraction genitals,accompanied by a kind of general nervous excitement (orgasm). The females while hunting and during intercourse manifest the same reflexes (some specific to females) as in males. These reflexes contribute to sexual intercourse, insemination and fertilization.
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