Animal Genetics Question bank -2


 1. Who gave the theory of path coefficient? (a) Sewell Wright (b) Fisher (c) Haldane (d) Hazel
2. Name the scientist who defined selection as “differential reproductive rate” ? (a) Hazel (b) Lush (c) Lerner (d) Falconer
3. Heritability of a trait is given by (a) rAP (b) bAP (c) bGP (d) none of above
4. Inbreeding coefficient (F) in the first generation when half sibs are bred is (a) 0 (b) 0.062 (c) 0.125 (d) 0.250
5. Inbreeding coefficient (F) through full sib (brother X sister) mating reaches > 0.986 after how many generations (a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 20 (d) none of the above
6. Variance of change in gene frequency after one generation of sampling is (a) ½N(p0q0)2 (b) p0q0/2N (c) 1- p0q0 (d) none of the above
7. Response is not a function of (a) Selection intensity (b) Mean of the trait (b) phenotypic standard deviation of trait (d) h2 of the trait
8. Individual merit and family merit as basis of selection was proposed by ___________ (a) Hazel and Lush (b) Hazel (c) Lush (d) Lerner
9. Another name of selection intensity is ____________ (a) Standardized selection differential (b) Weighed selection differential (c) Selection differential (d) Selection coefficient
10. Selection procedure not widely used in poultry breeding is __________(a) Individual selection (b) family selection (c) progeny testing (d) sib selection
11. The selection index method was introduced in animal breeding by _______ (a) Lush (b) Smith and Hazel (c) Lerner (d) Comstock
12. A locus will contribute to a change of mean value on inbreeding only if _________ (a) Dominance is absent (b) There is epistasis (c) There is partial dominance (d) Dominance is not zero
13. The covariance of the mean of the offspring and the mid parent is ________ (a) VA (b) ½VA+¼VD (c) ½VA (d) VG
14. Intra-sire regression of offspring on dam estimates (a) heritability (b) repeatability (c) half of heritability (d) twice the heritability
15. By increasing the intensity of selection, breeder can increase the _______ (a) response per unit time (b) response per generation (c) realized response (d) realized heritability
16. The occurrence of heterosis on crossing is dependent on (a) non-directional dominance (b) directional dominance (c) presence of dominance (d) presence of heterotic genes
17. A measure of variation which is correlated with the mean is __________ (a) variation (b) standard deviation (c) coefficient of determination (d) coefficient of variation
18. The mean performance of line when expressed as the deviation from the mean of all crosses is called ______ (a) G.C.A of line (b) S.C.A of line (c) G.C.A and S.C.A of line (d) Average effect of the line
19. Reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) is used to improve (a) only G.C.A (b) only S.C.A (c) Both G.C.A and S.C.A (d) None
20. Reciprocal recurrent selection was first proposed by___________in 1949 (a) Comstock, Robertson and Harvey (b) Comstock, Robinson and Harvey (c) Croas, Robertson and Fisher (d) Comstock, Lush and Hazel
21. What increases or decreases the chance of fixation of a new mutant (a) Crossbreeding (b) Random drift (c) Selection (d) Inbreeding
22. Variance due to general combining ability arises due to (a) VA + VAA+ VAD (b) VA + VAA+ VD (c) VA + VAA+ VDD (d) VA + VAA+ VAAA
23. If the frequency of recessive gene in a population if 0.10, then what would be the frequency of this recessive gene after 4 generations of selection in which all recessive homozygotes are discarded (a) 0.001 (b) 0.071 (c) 0.005 (d) 0.021
24. The ratio of response to selection to selection differential is the: (a) degree of genetic determination (b) heritability in broad sense (c) realized heritability (d) heritability in narrow sense
25. When response to selection has ceased, the population is said to be at (a) zero response (d) selection limit (c) Response limit (d) no response
26. The maternal effect may show an asymmetry of response associated with (a) genes derived from dam (b) maternal component of the trait (c) Traits governed by xx chromosomes (d) traits governed by females hormones
27. If additive gene action is most important for a trait, the best and simplest basis of selection is: (a) pedigree selection (b) individual selection (c) progeny testing (d) none
28. If the environmental and genetic effects of a trait are different to distinguish the individual selection is: (a) advantageous (b) disadvantageous (c) equally efficient to other methods (d) none
29. In an analysis of half sib families the component of covariance between sire is: (a) 1/2 COVA (b) 1/4 COVA (c) 3/4 COVA (d) COVAB
30. Precision of heritability estimate depends on its: (a) standard error (b) coefficient of variation (c) sampling variance (d) all the above
31. The panmictic index at tth generation is (a) Pt = (1+Δf)t P0 (b) Pt = (1-Δf)t P0 (c) (1-Δf t-1) P0 (d) none above
32. Highest genetic gain can be achieved by accurate estimation of breeding value by (a) sires of dams (b) dams of sires (c) sires of sires (d) dams of dams
33. For predicting breeding value of a cow on basis of information on itself, its dam and paternal halfsibs we use _______________ (a) Analysis of variance technique (b) Maximum likelihood technique (c) Multiple correlation technique (d) Multiple regression technique
34. Family selection is better than individual selection when interclass correlation of phenotypic values is ___________ (a) zero (b) 0.5 (c) >0.5 (d) <0.5
35. Faster rate of genetic improvement can be achieved in (a) dairy cattle for milk production (b) sheep for lamb production (c) Pig for litter size (d) broilers for growth rate
36. In case of multiple trait selection, as compared to intensity of selection for each of the trait separately for ‘n’ traits under simultaneous selection, the selection intensity for combined selection would decrease by (a) n times (b) 1/n times (c) 1/√n times (d) 2n times
37. If fixed number of sires are tested under farm progeny testing, the improvement in management practices in cows will improve _______ (a) intensity of selection of sires (b) accuracy of selection of sires (c) Selection differential of sires (d) none
38. The correlated response obtained for a trait when selection is done on another trait is due to ___________ (a) Linkage effect (b) pleotrophic effect (c) epistatic effect (d) dominance effect
39. Hardy Weinberg law was formulated in the year (a) 1809 (b) 1908 (c) 1918 (d) 1928
40. Repeatability sets an upper limit to (a) VA/VP (b) VG/VP (c) both above (d) VA/VD
41. In a population under H-W equilibrium, the maximum genotype frequency of heterozygote will be observed when the frequency of dominant gene is (a) 0.4 (b) 0.5 (c) 0.6 (d) 0.25
42. The genetic covariance of full sib is (a) 1/2 VA (b) 1/4 VA (c) 1/2 VA + 1/4 VD (d) 1/2 VA + 1/2 VD
43. Number of generations ‘t’ required to change the gene frequency from q0 to qt is __________ (a) qt-q0 (b) 2(qt-q0) (c) 1/qt – 1/qo (d) none above
44. if ‘L’ is the load borne by the population, the average fitness of the population is ________ (a) 1-L (b) L-1 (c) 1/L (d) none
45. If gene frequency in migrants is the same as that in the groups from and to which they go, migration affects: (a) quality of population (b) no. of population (c) neither quality nor number (d) both quality and number
46. If 25% have the recessive phenotype (aa) and the population is in equilibrium with respect to this locus, then q is ______ (a) 0.25 (b) 0.5 (c) 0.75 (d) 1.00
47. The difference between the genotype value (G) and the breeding value (A) of a particular genotype is ___________(a) dominance deviation (b) no dominance (c) directional dominance (d) none of the above
48. The quantitative traits are governed by genes having large phenotypic effects are called (a) quantitative genes (b) major genes (c) minor genes (d) polygenes
49. The correlation between breeding values and phenotypic values is equal to the square root of __________ (a) repeatability (b) regression (c) response (d) heritability
50. The resemblance between offspring and parents provide the basis for (a) discrete breeding (b) inbreeding (c) random breeding (d) selection breeding
51. selection brings about many changes in the population. The ultimate interest of the breeder may be in ___________ (a) change in gene frequency (b) change in population mean (c) change in variation (d) extruding the range of traits
52. The sum of the additive or average effects for all loci influencing a trait is referred as (a) additive genetic variance (b) average breeding value (c) dominance variation (d) epistatic variation
53. Sibs selection is recommended for (a) sex linked traits (b) sex limited traits (c) sex influenced traits (d) none of the above
54. The first progeny testing scheme was launched in India during first five year plan at: (a) Hissar (b) Karnal (c) Ludhiana (d) Anand
55. The BLUP method for sire evaluation was suggested by __________ (a) Lush (b) Henderson (c) S. Wright (d) Fischer
56. Nili-Ravi breed of buffalo is formed in (a) Punjab (b) Maharashtra (c) UP (d) Gujarat
57. Project directorate on cattle was established in ________ (a) 1990 (b) 1985 (c) 1987 (d) 1986
58. Equal parent index (EPI) is an expression of: daughter production (a) higher than sire and dam production (b) lower than sire and dam production (c) half way between sire and dam production (d) equal to sire and dam production
59. Variation without natural discontinuities is called continuous variation and character that exhibit it are called (a) metric character (b) correlated character (c) neutral character (d) balanced character
60. The precision of heritability estimate is known by the __________ (a) standard error (b) magnitude (c) method of estimation (d) experimental design
61. The description of the covariance, applicable to any sort of relationship is (a) between half and full sibs (b) between offspring and mid parent (c) between offspring and one parent (d) all the above
62. Sire intra-class correlation (t) is _______ times of h2 variance (a) 1/2 (b) 1/4 (c) 1 time (d) none above
63. Disruptive process change gene frequency in a manner predictable in _______ (a) amount only (b) direction only (c) both (d) none
64. The strength of selection is expressed as (a) coefficient of selection (b) response to selection (c) selection differential (d) none
65. if ‘s’ is the coefficient of selection then the relative fitness of the genotype selected against is : (a) S (b) 1-S (c) S/2 (d) none
66. Genetic drift in small population is an example of __________ (a) systematic process (b) dispersive process (c) none of the above
67. Degree of genetic determination is (a) h2 in narrow sense (b) h2 in broad sense (c) additive variance (d) none
68. When repeatability is low, multiple measurements gives__________ gain in accuracy (a) large (b) a little (c) none
69. The proportion of phenotypic variation expressed by repeatability is (a) permanent genetic variance (b) permanent environmental variance (c) both (d) special environmental variance
70. The regression of offspring and one parent (bop) is given by ____________ (a) VA/VP (b) 1/4 VA/VP (c) 1/2 VA/VP (d) 3/4VA/VP


Answers

 1.a
2.b
3.b
4.c
5.c
6.b
7.b
8.c
9.a
10.c
11.b
12.d
13.c
14.c
15.b
16.b
17.d
18.a
19.c
20.b
21.c
22.d
23.b
24.c
25.b
26.b
27.b
28.b
29.b
30.c
31.b
32.c
33.d
34.c
35.d
36.c
37.b
38.b
39.b
40.c
41.b
42.c
43.c
44.a
45.c
46.b
47.a
48.b
49.d
50.d
51.b
52.b
53.b
54.a
55.b
56.a
57.c
58.c
59.a
60.a
61.d
62.b
63.a
64.a
65.b
66.b
67.b
68.a
69.c
70.c